Engraving machine spindle is a kind of motorized spindle that can be processed at high speed. It is widely used in some small and medium-sized engraving machine equipment. It can be mainly used for high-speed engraving, drilling and milling, drilling and so on. Engraving machine spindle is a relatively formal name in this industry. Because of local differences, it may be called differently. In some places, it is referred to as high-speed spindle, in some places, it is referred to as engraving machine spindle, in some places, it is referred to as engraving electromechanical spindle, etc.

數(shù)控雕刻機一般都會配備一個高性能的主軸，才能發(fā)揮出他的作用。主軸工作時高速旋轉(zhuǎn)會產(chǎn)生大量熱量，如果這些熱量不及時散掉，會對主軸的使用壽命產(chǎn)生很大影響，嚴(yán)重時會燒毀主軸。

CNC engraving machines are generally equipped with a high-performance spindle in order to play its role. When the spindle works, high-speed rotation will produce a lot of heat. If these heat is not dissipated in time, it will have a great impact on the service life of the spindle, and the spindle will be burned in serious cases.

主軸主要有兩種散熱方式：水冷和風(fēng)冷。那么問題來了，如何選擇雕刻機主軸要點，怎么判斷數(shù)控雕刻機是否適用主軸？接下來就跟著小編一起來看看吧！

There are two main heat dissipation modes for the spindle: water cooling and air cooling. So the question is, how to select the main points of the engraving machine spindle and how to judge whether the NC engraving machine is suitable for the spindle? Next, follow Xiaobian to have a look!

一、判斷主軸是否合格的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

1、 Criteria for judging whether the spindle is qualified

1、該主軸電機是否采用高精度軸承，如果不采用高精度軸承，表現(xiàn)是主軸電機長時間高速旋轉(zhuǎn)后過熱，影響主軸電機的使用壽命。

1. Whether the spindle motor adopts high-precision bearing, if not, the performance is that the spindle motor overheats after long-term high-speed rotation, affecting the service life of the spindle motor.

2、不同速度旋轉(zhuǎn)，尤其是高速旋轉(zhuǎn)，聲音是否均勻和諧。

2. Whether the sound is uniform and harmonious when rotating at different speeds, especially at high speed.

3、主軸徑向是否受力。主要參考是能否高速切割質(zhì)地較硬的材料。有些主軸只能在很低的速度下切割較硬的材料，否則主軸表現(xiàn)會嚴(yán)重丟轉(zhuǎn)，一段時間后影響主軸精度，甚至出現(xiàn)故障。

3. Whether the spindle is under radial force. The main reference is whether we can cut hard materials at high speed. Some spindles can only cut hard materials at a very low speed, otherwise the spindle performance will be seriously lost, which will affect the spindle accuracy and even fail after a period of time.

4、如果要追求加工效率高，加工時既要速度快，同時吃刀量又大，如加工實木材料等，就需要2.2KW以上功率的主軸電機。

4. If we want to pursue high processing efficiency, we should not only process fast, but also eat a large amount of knives, such as processing solid wood materials, we need a spindle motor with a power of more than 2.2kW.

5、雕刻設(shè)備的主軸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置根據(jù)設(shè)備的規(guī)格不同有不同的配置。

5. The spindle standard configuration of engraving equipment has different configurations according to the specifications of the equipment.

二、根據(jù)不同用戶選擇合適的雕刻機主軸

2、 Select the appropriate engraving machine spindle according to different users

1、廣告雕刻機：雕刻對象為比較軟的材質(zhì)所以廣告雕刻機的主軸功率在1.5kw—3.0kw以內(nèi)就可以，這樣選擇的話既可以達(dá)到雕刻目的還能節(jié)省成本。

1. Advertising engraving machine: the engraving object is a relatively soft material, so the main shaft power of the advertising engraving machine can be within 1.5kw-3.0kw. In this way, the engraving purpose can be achieved and the cost can be saved.

2、木工雕刻機：木工雕刻機的主軸電機可根據(jù)所加工木料的硬度進行選擇其功率：一般在2.2kw—4.5kw左右，這種搭配也更為合理。

2. Woodworking engraving machine: the spindle motor of woodworking engraving machine can be selected according to the hardness of the processed wood, and its power is generally about 2.2kw-4.5kw, which is more reasonable.

3、石材雕刻機：廠家用石材雕刻機的主軸功率相對要高一些，一般在4.5kw—7.5kw左右，常用的還是5.5kw主軸電機。

3. Stone engraving machine: the spindle power of the stone engraving machine used by the manufacturer is relatively higher, generally about 4.5kw-7.5kw, and the commonly used spindle motor is 5.5kW.

4、墓碑雕刻機：墓碑雕刻機的主軸功率也要根據(jù)所加工的石料硬度進行選擇，一般功率在3.0kw—4.5kw即能滿足客戶需求。

4. Tombstone engraving machine: the spindle power of tombstone engraving machine shall also be selected according to the hardness of the processed stone. Generally, the power is 3.0kw-4.5kw, which can meet the needs of customers.

5、玉石雕刻機：玉石雕刻機由于其床身較小主軸電機的功率一般在2.2kw-3.0kw即可。主軸電機功率太大不僅浪費電能還會增加購機成本，功率太小的話又不能其雕刻功率需求，所以選擇適合的主軸電機的功率是相當(dāng)重要的!

5. Jade carving machine: due to its small bed, the power of main shaft motor of jade carving machine is generally 2.2kw-3.0kw. If the power of spindle motor is too large, it will not only waste electric energy, but also increase the purchase cost. If the power is too small, it can not meet the engraving power demand. Therefore, it is very important to select the appropriate power of spindle motor!

三、雕刻機主軸轉(zhuǎn)速與雕刻材料的關(guān)系雕刻材料的硬度越大，主軸的轉(zhuǎn)速就越低，這個其實很好理解，硬度高的材料需要慢慢磨下去，轉(zhuǎn)速太快反而可能導(dǎo)致刀具的損毀。雕刻材料的粘度越大，所用主軸的轉(zhuǎn)速越高，這個主要是針對一些軟金屬或者人造材料。雕刻機所用刀具的直徑也是決定主軸轉(zhuǎn)速的一個很重要的因素。其實用的刀具直徑跟加工材料和加工線條都有關(guān)系，直徑越大的刀具對應(yīng)的主軸轉(zhuǎn)速就越慢。

3、 The relationship between the spindle speed of engraving machine and engraving materials. The greater the hardness of engraving materials, the lower the spindle speed. In fact, it is easy to understand. Materials with high hardness need to be ground slowly. Too fast speed may lead to the damage of cutting tools. The higher the viscosity of engraving materials, the higher the speed of the spindle used. This is mainly for some soft metals or man-made materials. The diameter of the cutter used in the engraving machine is also a very important factor to determine the spindle speed. In fact, the diameter of the tool used is related to the processing materials and processing lines. The larger the diameter, the slower the spindle speed corresponding to the tool.

確定主軸轉(zhuǎn)速還要根據(jù)使用主軸電機的情況。從主軸電機功率曲線中我們可以看出，當(dāng)主軸轉(zhuǎn)速降低時，電機的輸出功率也在降低，如果輸出功率低到一定程度，就會影響加工，這樣反而對刀具壽命和工件效果更加不好，所以，在確定主軸轉(zhuǎn)速時，要注意保證主軸電機有一定的輸出功率。

The determination of spindle speed also depends on the use of spindle motor. From the spindle motor power curve, we can see that when the spindle speed decreases, the output power of the motor also decreases. If the output power is low to a certain extent, it will affect the processing, which will even worse the tool life and workpiece effect. Therefore, when determining the spindle speed, pay attention to ensure that the spindle motor has a certain output power.

四、雕刻機風(fēng)冷和水冷主軸的區(qū)別

4、 Difference between air cooling and water cooling spindle of engraving machine

1、水冷顧名思義就是采用水循環(huán)來冷卻主軸高速旋轉(zhuǎn)后產(chǎn)生的熱量，這樣的效果就會很好，因為水經(jīng)過流通之后的溫度(常用測試)不會超過40度;風(fēng)冷的主軸采用風(fēng)扇的方式來散熱，其效果肯定不如水冷；

1. As the name suggests, water cooling is to use water circulation to cool the heat generated after the high-speed rotation of the main shaft. This effect will be very good, because the temperature of water after circulation (common test) will not exceed 40 degrees; The air-cooled spindle adopts the way of fan to dissipate heat, and its effect is certainly not as good as water cooling;

2、噪音，水冷的主軸基本上沒有噪音，但是風(fēng)冷的主軸則很響；

2. Noise: the water-cooled spindle basically has no noise, but the air-cooled spindle is very noisy;

3、使用壽命，水冷主軸要注意保養(yǎng)、勤換水或者采用工業(yè)水冷卻機，這樣的主軸壽命要比風(fēng)冷主軸長很多。

3. Service life: pay attention to the maintenance of water-cooled spindle, change water frequently or use industrial water cooler. The service life of such spindle is much longer than that of air-cooled spindle.

4、精度，水冷主軸軸向、徑向跳動基本上都是在0.003毫米以下，這是風(fēng)冷主軸電機(國產(chǎn))則遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不及。

4. Accuracy, the axial and radial runout of water-cooled spindle are basically below 0.003 mm, which is far less than that of air-cooled spindle motor (domestic).

5、使用方便方面。由于水冷主軸需要接水泵，這樣就需要個水桶盛水，需要連接一下水管，尤其在北方寒冷的冬季更容易結(jié)冰，可能有的客戶會覺得比較麻煩;而風(fēng)冷主軸就不會有這么多的使用問題。

5. Easy to use. Since the water-cooled spindle needs to be connected to the water pump, a bucket is needed to hold water, and the water pipe needs to be connected. Especially in the cold winter in the north, it is easier to freeze, and some customers may find it troublesome; The air-cooled spindle will not have so many use problems.

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